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Jerusalem
A visit to Jerusalem is better to start with an excursion around the city. The most beautiful view of the city is from Mount of Olives. This is the highest of the mountains surrounding Jerusalem. Along with Mount Scopus and Har Ashpaa Mount, it creates the unique panorama of the city suburbs offering an unforgettable landscape. In front of the mountain, there is an old Jewish cemetery. The slopes of the mountains are covered with old and young olive trees which have given the mountain its name that has existed for more than 3000 years.

Descending from the mountain, you can visit the Church of All Nations (Basilica of the Agony). It is located in the Kidron Valley. The valley bears the name of Jehoshaphat and is the place of a millennial cemetery with numerous tombs. The Basilica was built by 12 Catholic countries on the spot where, according to Bible, Judas betrayed Christ. There is no daylight in the Temple. The Basilica itself is located in the Garden of Gethsemane where Christ once found refuge and rest. It was here that Judas betrayed him. In the garden of Gethsemane, there is also a grotto in which Christ prayed having secluded from the apostles. The images of the Savior remind of Christ's sufferings. In the garden, one can see eight ancient olive trees which are believed to be about 2000 years.

Next to this sacred place there is Russian Church of St. Mary Magdalene built in 1888 by Emperor Alexander III in memory of his mother. The church was built in the style of Moscow architecture and was crowned by seven domes and Orthodox crosses. The church is decorated with snow-white marble. Nearby, there is the Church of the Lord's Wailing. According to the legend, Christ mourned the inevitable ruination of Jerusalem here. In memory of this, the dome is designed in the shape of a tear.

And yet, there is another church frequented by the tourists. It is called "Pater Noster" and was built in the 19th century on the site of the cave where a stone with the words "Pater noster" carved on it had been found. The church walls have plaques with the words of this prayer written in many languages. It is believed that the prayer "Pater noster" was the first prayer of Christ to his disciples pronounced on this place. In an octagonal chapel nearby there is a footprint of Christ, though the chapel itself belongs to Muslims. It is believed that Jesus ascended to heaven from this place. The chapel is also marked by a 64-meter bell tower.

On the Mount of Olives, there is the Church of the Assumption which is known as "Dormiton, the Tomb of Mary". The facade of the church is a typical example of Crusader architecture. Inside the church, there are the graves of the parents of Mary, Anne and Joachim, and her husband Joseph. What makes the church interesting is the mosaic on the floor depicting the symbol of the Holy Trinity, as well as the images of the Prophets and zodiac signs. In the crypt, there is a statue of Mary made of cherry wood.

The part of Jerusalem called the City of David is the oldest district. It is the place where five thousand years ago Jerusalem was born. The excavations helped uncover different levels of the ancient city. The remains of the walls as thick as 2.5 meters were found on the eastern slope of the hill dating back to the 8th century BC. The Old Town of Jerusalem could be accessed through the seven gates which exist even nowadays. Damascus Gate is the most beautiful and richly ornamented one. Upon the whole, Jerusalem itself is an open-air museum with hundreds of places to visit and sights to admire.






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